Fool Me Once You Wont Get Fooled Again

maio 19, 2022 Postar um comentário

Unconventional wording, linguistic errors etc. in the speech communication of George W. Bush

George W. Bush speaking to a Joint Session of Congress, 2001

Bushisms are unconventional statements, phrases, pronunciations, Freudian slips, malapropisms, equally well equally semantic or linguistic errors in the public speaking of one-time President of the Usa George W. Bush-league.^[1] ^[2] The term Bushism has become part of pop folklore and is the basis of a number of websites and published books. Information technology is oft used to caricature the former president. Common characteristics include malapropisms, the cosmos of neologisms, spoonerisms, stunt words and ungrammatical field of study–verb agreement.

Discussion [edit]

Bush'south utilize of the English language in formal and public speeches has spawned several books that document the statements. A verse form entitled "Make the Pie Higher", composed entirely of Bushisms, was compiled by cartoonist Richard Thompson.^[iii] ^[4] Various public figures and humorists, such as Jon Stewart of The Daily Show and Garry Trudeau, creator of the comic strip Doonesbury, have popularized some more than famous Bushisms.^{[ citation needed ]}

Linguist Marker Liberman of Language Log has suggested that Bush is not unusually error-prone in his speech, saying: "You tin can make whatever public effigy sound like a boob, if y'all tape everything he says and set hundreds of hostile observers to combing the transcripts for disfluencies, malapropisms, word formation errors and examples of non-standard pronunciation or usage... Which of usa could stand to a similar level of linguistic scrutiny?".^[5] Near a decade later George West. Bush-league said "misunderestimated" in a spoken language, Philip Hensher called the term one of his "most memorable additions to the language, and an incidentally expressive one: information technology may be that we rather needed a give-and-take for 'to underestimate by mistake'."^[6]

Journalist and pundit Christopher Hitchens published an essay in The Nation titled "Why Dubya Can't Read", writing:

I used to have the job of tutoring a dyslexic kid, and I know something almost the symptoms. So I kicked myself difficult when I read the profile of Governor George W. Bush-league, by my friend and colleague Gail Sheehy, in this month's Vanity Fair. All those jokes and cartoons and websites nigh his gaffes, bungles and malapropisms? We've been unknowingly teasing the affected. The poor guy is obviously dyslexic, and dyslexic to the signal of near-illiteracy. [..]
I know from my education feel that nature very oftentimes compensates the dyslexic with a college IQ or some grant of intuitive intelligence. If this is true for Bush it hasn't nevertheless get obvious.

— ^[7]

Stanford Graduate School lecturer and former Bush economic policy advisor Keith Hennessey has argued that the number of Bush's verbal gaffes is not unusual given the significant amount of time that he has spoken in public, and that Barack Obama's miscues are not every bit scrutinized. In Hennessey's view, Bush-league "intentionally aimed his public epitome at average Americans rather than at Cambridge or Upper East Side elites".^[8]

Bush's statements were also notorious for their ability to land the opposite of what he intended, with notable examples including his remarks on the estate tax, "I'm non certain fourscore% of people become the death tax. I know this: 100% will get it if I'm the president."^[9]

Examples [edit]

General [edit]

"I retrieve we hold, the past is over."^[10] ^[eleven] – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on meeting with John McCain; May 10, 2000
"They misunderestimated me."^[12] – Bentonville, Arkansas; November 6, 2000
"I know the human existence and fish tin can coexist peacefully." – Saginaw, Michigan, September 29, 2000, while attempting to reassure the business community that he does non back up tearing down dams to protect endangered fish species.^[13]
"There's an old saying in Tennessee—I know it'southward in Texas, probably in Tennessee—that says, 'Fool me one time, shame on...shame on yous. Fool me—you can't become fooled once again.'"^[14] – Nashville, Tennessee; September 17, 2002. The right proverb is "fool me in one case, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me".^[15]
"Too many good docs are getting out of the business. Too many OB-GYNs aren't able to practice their love with women all across this country."^[16] – Poplar Bluff, Missouri; September 6, 2004
"I'm going to put people in my place, so when the history of this administration is written at least there's an authoritarian voice maxim exactly what happened."^[17] – announcing he would write a volume about "the 12 toughest decisions" he had to make. The correct word would have been 'administrative'.
"See, in my line of work you got to go along repeating things over and over and once again for the truth to sink in, to kind of catapult the propaganda."^[xviii] ^[19]
"I'll be long gone before some smart person ever figures out what happened inside this Oval Office." – Washington, D.C., in an interview with The Jerusalem Post; May 12, 2008^[20] ^[21]

Strange diplomacy [edit]

"I'm the commander, see. I don't need to explain—I do not need to explicate why I say things. That's the interesting thing about existence the President. Maybe somebody needs to explicate to me why they say something, but I don't feel like I owe anybody an explanation."^[22]
"Yesterday, you fabricated note of my—the lack of my talent when it came to dancing. But nevertheless, I desire you to know I danced with joy. And no question Liberia has gone through very hard times" – Washington, D.C., speaking with the President of Republic of liberia, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf; October 22, 2008.^[23]
"This is all the same a dangerous world. Information technology's a earth of madmen and uncertainty and potential mental losses." – Charleston, South Carolina, in a public outdoor speech; January 2000.^[24] According to the Financial Times, the phrase "mental losses" confused the crowd, although it seemed distantly related to "missile launches".^[24]
"Our enemies are innovative and resourceful, and so are we. They never stop thinking near new means to harm our land and our people, and neither do we."^[xviii] ^[25]
"I'yard telling you there'southward an enemy that would like to assault America, Americans, over again. There just is. That's the reality of the globe. And I wish him all the very best." – Washington, D.C.; January 12, 2009^[26]
"Well, I hateful that a defeat in Iraq volition embolden the enemy and will provide the enemy—more opportunity to train, plan, to assail us. That'south what I hateful. In that location— it'due south— you lot know, 1 of the hardest parts of my job is to connect Iraq to the war on terror."^[27]
"I only want you to know that, when we talk about war, we're really talking most peace."^[28]
"Meet, free nations are peaceful nations. Gratis nations don't assault each other. Free nations don't develop weapons of mass destruction."^[29]
(On a golf grade) "I call upon all nations, to do everything they tin can, to stop these terrorist killers. Thank you... now lookout man this drive."^[30]
(In address to George W. Bush Institute) "The conclusion of one man, to launch a wholly unjustified and savage invasion of Iraq. I mean, of Ukraine. Iraq too. Anyhow— I'yard 75."^[31]

Economics [edit]

"You bet I cut the taxes at the top. That encourages entrepreneurship. What we Republicans should correspond is growth in the economy. Nosotros ought to make the pie higher."^[24]
In January 2000, just earlier the New Hampshire primary, Bush challenged the members of the Nashua Sleeping accommodation of Commerce to imagine themselves as a unmarried female parent "working hard to put food on your family".^[24]
"Yous work three jobs?... Uniquely American, isn't it? I hateful, that is fantastic that you're doing that." – Omaha, Nebraska; Feb. 4, 2005^[32] ^[33]

Education [edit]

"Rarely is the question asked: Is our children learning?"^[4] – Florence, South Carolina; January 11, 2000
"Y'all teach a child to read, and he or her will exist able to pass a literacy test."^[xviii] ^[32]
"As yesterday's positive report card shows, childrens do learn when standards are high and results are measured." – September 2007^[34]

References [edit]

^ Bines, Jonathan (May 1992). Bushisms: President George Herbert Walker Bush in His Own Words. Workman Pub Co. ISBN978-ane-56305-318-4.
^ "The 'misunderestimated' president?". BBC. Jan vii, 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2009. The discussion "Bushism" has been coined to label his occasional verbal lapses during 8 years in office, which come to an end on 20 January.
^ "The Comics Reporter". comicsreporter.com.
^ ^a ^b "Make the Pie Higher!". Snopes.com. 2002. Retrieved October 12, 2006.
^ Mark Liberman, "You say Nevada, I say Nevahda". January 3, 2004.
^ Hensher, Philip (July 21, 2010). "Sarah Palin'southward struggle with English language linguistic communication". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on July 23, 2010. Retrieved July 28, 2010.
^ Hitchens, Christopher (September 24, 2000). "Why Dubya Can't Read". The Nation . Retrieved July 25, 2011.
^ "George Due west. Bush Is Smarter than You". realclearpolitics.com.
^ Hall Jamieson, Kathleen (2004). The Press Consequence: Politicians, Journalists, and the Stories that Shape the Political World. Oxford University Press. p. 62.
^ "Bushisms of the Week". Slate Magazine. May 11, 2000. Retrieved October nine, 2019.
^ Jackson, David and Wayne Slater. (May x, 2000). "Subdued McCain Endorses Bush". The Dallas Morning News.
^ "Summit Ten Bushisms: The Miseducation of America". Time. January 11, 2009. Retrieved March ii, 2009.
^ "Top Ten Bushisms: Fish Are Friends". Time. Jan 11, 2009. Archived from the original on January 18, 2009. Retrieved March two, 2009.
^ "Remarks by the President on Teaching American History and Borough Education". White Business firm Archives. September 17, 2002. Retrieved December 18, 2010.
^ "fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me". en.wiktionary.org . Retrieved March 4, 2021.
^ "Top X Bushisms: The Dear Medico is In". Time. Jan xi, 2009. Archived from the original on January 19, 2009. Retrieved March 2, 2009.
^ "Bush Speech communication In Canada Met With Protests". CBS News.
^ ^a ^b ^c encounter (item number "26.", of) Kelly, Martin (June 22, 2016). "The twoscore Dumbest Bush-league Quotes of All Time". Dotdash.com. Archived from the original on May 11, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
^ Jacob Weisberg (May 25, 2005). "Bushism of the 24-hour interval". Slate.
^ Daniel Kurtzman. "The 25 Dumbest Quotes of 2008". About.com. Retrieved December eleven, 2014.
^ "The 'misunderestimated' president?". BBC. January seven, 2009.
^ Bob Woodward (November xix, 2002). Bush at State of war . Simon & Schuster. pp. 145–6. ISBN978-0743204736.
^ "The Complete Bushisms". Slate Magazine. March 20, 2009. Archived from the original on July 22, 2017. Retrieved August 19, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Make the Pie College!". Snopes.com. July 21, 2008.
^ "Tiptop x Bushisms". Time. January 11, 2009. Retrieved December xi, 2014.
^ Jacob Weisberg (March 20, 2009). "The Complete Bushisms". Slate. Archived from the original on July 22, 2017. Retrieved August 19, 2012.
^ Caitlin Johnson (September 6, 2006). "Transcript: President Bush, Function 2". CBS News.
^ "President George W. Bush Speaks to HUD Employees on National Homeownership Calendar month". U.S. Section of Housing and Urban Development. June xviii, 2002.
^ "President Bush Discusses Economy, Small Business organization in Wisconsin". The White House. Oct iii, 2003.
^ Alan Isik, Arda (Nov 17, 2015). "At present watch this drive!". Daily Sabah . Retrieved November xiii, 2020.
^ George W. Bush compares Zelenskyy to Churchill, calls Iraq invasion unjustified in gaffe, Dallas News, May 18, 2022
^ ^a ^b "GEORGE West. Bush QUOTES Two". NotableQuotes. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
^ "'Misunderestimate' tops listing of notable 'Bushisms'". New York Daily News. Jan eight, 2009.
^ ""Childrens practice larn," Bush-league tells school kids". Reuters. September 26, 2007. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved June xxx, 2017.